1cdf0e10cSrcweir<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2*8e9b354dSmseidel 352ac0773SAndrew Rist<!--*********************************************************** 4*8e9b354dSmseidel * 552ac0773SAndrew Rist * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one 652ac0773SAndrew Rist * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file 752ac0773SAndrew Rist * distributed with this work for additional information 852ac0773SAndrew Rist * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file 952ac0773SAndrew Rist * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the 1052ac0773SAndrew Rist * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance 1152ac0773SAndrew Rist * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at 12*8e9b354dSmseidel * 1352ac0773SAndrew Rist * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 14*8e9b354dSmseidel * 1552ac0773SAndrew Rist * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, 1652ac0773SAndrew Rist * software distributed under the License is distributed on an 1752ac0773SAndrew Rist * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY 1852ac0773SAndrew Rist * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the 1952ac0773SAndrew Rist * specific language governing permissions and limitations 2052ac0773SAndrew Rist * under the License. 21*8e9b354dSmseidel * 2252ac0773SAndrew Rist ***********************************************************--> 2352ac0773SAndrew Rist 24*8e9b354dSmseidel<helpdocument version="1.0"> 25cdf0e10cSrcweir<meta> 26*8e9b354dSmseidel<topic id="textscalc0104060105xml" indexer="include"> 27*8e9b354dSmseidel<title xml-lang="en-US" id="tit">Logical Functions</title> 28*8e9b354dSmseidel<filename>/text/scalc/01/04060105.xhp</filename> 29*8e9b354dSmseidel</topic> 30*8e9b354dSmseidel</meta> 31*8e9b354dSmseidel<body> 32cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3153484"><bookmark_value>logical functions</bookmark_value> 33*8e9b354dSmseidel<bookmark_value>Function Wizard; logical</bookmark_value> 34*8e9b354dSmseidel<bookmark_value>functions; logical functions</bookmark_value> 35cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 36cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153484" role="heading" level="1" l10n="U" oldref="1">Logical Functions</paragraph> 37*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149312" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="2"><variable id="logischtext">This category contains the <emph>Logical</emph> functions. 38cdf0e10cSrcweir</variable></paragraph> 39*8e9b354dSmseidel<section id="howtoget"> 40*8e9b354dSmseidel<embed href="text/scalc/00/00000404.xhp#eikalo"/> 41*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 42cdf0e10cSrcweir<sort order="asc"> 43cdf0e10cSrcweir<section id="Section6"> 44cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3147505"><bookmark_value>AND function</bookmark_value> 45cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 46cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_UND" id="bm_id3145320" localize="false"/> 47cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147505" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 48*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="29">AND</paragraph> 49*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153959" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="65"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_UND">Returns TRUE if all arguments are TRUE.</ahelp> If one of the elements is FALSE, this function returns the FALSE value.</paragraph> 50*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3146100" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="66">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph> 51*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150538" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="67">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.<comment>UFI: fixed #i18547#</comment></paragraph> 52*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149128" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="68">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 53*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150374" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 54*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="31">Syntax</paragraph> 55*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3159123" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="32">AND(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph> 56*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150038" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="33"> 57*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row. The result is TRUE if the logical value in all cells within the cell range is TRUE.</paragraph> 58*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149143" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 59*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="34">Example</paragraph> 60*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153123" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="35">The logical values of entries 12<13; 14>12, and 7<6 are to be checked:</paragraph> 61*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3145632" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="36"> 62*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=AND(12<13;14>12;7<6)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph> 63*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149946" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="60"> 64*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=AND (FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns FALSE.</paragraph> 65*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 669471d491SKay Schenk<section id="Section1"> 679471d491SKay Schenk<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3156256"><bookmark_value>TRUE function</bookmark_value> 689471d491SKay Schenk</bookmark> 699471d491SKay Schenk<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_WAHR" id="bm_id3148426" localize="false"/> 709471d491SKay Schenk<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3156256" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 71*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="38">TRUE</paragraph> 72*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155985" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="39"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WAHR">The logical value is set to TRUE.</ahelp> The TRUE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value TRUE.</paragraph> 73*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153717" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 74*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="40">Syntax</paragraph> 75*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3152590" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="41">TRUE()</paragraph> 76*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147175" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 77*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="42">Example</paragraph> 78*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3146148" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="43">If A=TRUE and B=FALSE the following examples appear:</paragraph> 79*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3083285" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="44"> 80*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=AND(A;B)</item> returns FALSE</paragraph> 81*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3083444" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="45"> 82*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=OR(A;B)</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 83*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154314" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="46"> 84*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=NOT(AND(A;B))</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 851aeb69bdSKay Schenk</section> 861aeb69bdSKay Schenk<section id="Section5"> 87cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3149015"><bookmark_value>FALSE function</bookmark_value> 88cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 89cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_FALSCH" id="bm_id3154678" localize="false"/> 90cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149015" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" oldref="3">FALSE</paragraph> 91*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149890" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="4"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_FALSCH">Returns the logical value FALSE.</ahelp> The FALSE() function does not require any arguments, and always returns the logical value FALSE.</paragraph> 92*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3146939" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="5">Syntax</paragraph> 93*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150030" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="6">FALSE()</paragraph> 94*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150697" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" oldref="7">Example</paragraph> 95*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154842" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="8"> 96*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=FALSE()</item> returns FALSE</paragraph> 97*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3147468" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="9"> 98*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=NOT(FALSE())</item> returns TRUE</paragraph> 99*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 1001aeb69bdSKay Schenk<section id="Section4"> 101cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3150141"><bookmark_value>IF function</bookmark_value> 102cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 103cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_WENN" id="bm_id3152789" localize="false"/> 104cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3150141" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 105*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="48">IF</paragraph> 106*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148740" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="49"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_WENN">Specifies a logical test to be performed.</ahelp></paragraph> 107*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153325" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 108*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="50">Syntax</paragraph> 109*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154558" role="code" l10n="CHG" oldref="51">IF(Test; ThenValue; OtherwiseValue)</paragraph> 110*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149727" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="52"> 111*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>Test</emph> is any value or expression that can be TRUE or FALSE.</paragraph> 112*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155828" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="53"> 113*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>ThenValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is TRUE.</paragraph> 114*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154811" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="54"> 115*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>OtherwiseValue</emph> (optional) is the value that is returned if the logical test is FALSE.</paragraph> 116*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_idN107FA" role="paragraph" l10n="NEW"> 117*8e9b354dSmseidel<embedvar href="text/scalc/00/00000004.xhp#optional"/> 118*8e9b354dSmseidel</paragraph> 119*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149507" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 120*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="55">Examples</paragraph> 121*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150867" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="57"> 122*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=IF(A1>5;100;"too small")</item> If the value in A1 is higher than 5, the value 100 is entered in the current cell; otherwise, the text “too small” (without quotes) is entered.</paragraph> 123*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 1241aeb69bdSKay Schenk<section id="Section3"> 125cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3155954"><bookmark_value>NOT function</bookmark_value> 126cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 127cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_NICHT" id="bm_id3145168" localize="false"/> 128cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155954" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 129*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="12">NOT</paragraph> 130*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153570" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="13"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_NICHT">Complements (inverts) a logical value.</ahelp></paragraph> 131*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3147372" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 132*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="14">Syntax</paragraph> 133*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3157996" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="15">NOT(LogicalValue)</paragraph> 134*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148766" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="16"> 135*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>LogicalValue</emph> is any value to be complemented.</paragraph> 136*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3149884" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 137*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="17">Example</paragraph> 138*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150132" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="18"> 139*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=NOT(A)</item>. If A=TRUE then NOT(A) will evaluate FALSE.</paragraph> 140*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 1419471d491SKay Schenk<section id="Section2"> 142cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3148394"><bookmark_value>OR function</bookmark_value> 143cdf0e10cSrcweir</bookmark> 144cdf0e10cSrcweir<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620" localize="false"/> 145cdf0e10cSrcweir<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3148394" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U" 146*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="20">OR</paragraph> 147*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3156060" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="61"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_ODER">Returns TRUE if at least one argument is TRUE.</ahelp> This function returns the value FALSE, if all the arguments have the logical value FALSE.</paragraph> 148*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148771" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="62">The arguments are either logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3) containing logical values.</paragraph> 149*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3153546" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="63">When a function expects a single value, but you entered a cell range, then the value from the cell range is taken that is in the same column or row as the formula.</paragraph> 150*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149027" role="note" l10n="CHG" oldref="64">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 151*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155517" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 152*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="22">Syntax</paragraph> 153*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150468" role="code" l10n="U" oldref="23">OR(LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30)</paragraph> 154*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155819" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="24"> 155*8e9b354dSmseidel<emph>LogicalValue1; LogicalValue2 ...LogicalValue30</emph> are conditions to be checked. All conditions can be either TRUE or FALSE. If a range is entered as a parameter, the function uses the value from the range that is in the current column or row.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph> 156*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153228" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 157*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="25">Examples:</paragraph> 158*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3154870" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="26">The logical values of entries 12<11; 13>22, and 45=45 are to be checked.</paragraph> 159*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155371" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="27"> 160*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=OR(12<11;13>22;45=45)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 161*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3158412" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="59"> 162*8e9b354dSmseidel<item type="input">=OR(FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 163*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 1649471d491SKay Schenk<section id="Section7"> 1659471d491SKay Schenk<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="index" id="bm_id3148394K"><bookmark_value>XOR function</bookmark_value> 1669471d491SKay Schenk</bookmark><comment>kschenk added this entry</comment> 1679471d491SKay Schenk<bookmark xml-lang="en-US" branch="hid/SC_HID_FUNC_ODER" id="bm_id3155620K" localize="false"/> 1689471d491SKay Schenk<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3148394K" role="heading" level="2" l10n="U">XOR</paragraph> 169*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3156060K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"><ahelp hid="HID_FUNC_ODER">Returns the exclusive "or" of arguments.</ahelp></paragraph> 170*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3148771K" role="paragraph" l10n="U" oldref="62">The arguments are either numbers, logical expressions themselves (TRUE, 1<5, 2+3=7, B8<10) that return logical values, or arrays (A1:C3).</paragraph> 171*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3149027K" role="note" l10n="CHG">If the entered range is outside of the current column or row of the formula, the function returns the error value #VALUE!</paragraph> 172*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3155517K" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U" 173*8e9b354dSmseideloldref="22">Syntax</paragraph> 174*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3150468K" role="code" l10n="U">XOR(Value1; Value2 ...Value30)</paragraph> 175*8e9b354dSmseidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155819K" role="paragraph" l10n="CHG" oldref="24"> 17645e71e43SMechtilde Stehmann<emph>Value1; Value2 ... Value30</emph> are added modulo 2. TRUE is returned if the result of this addition is 1; 177bd727bc8SMatthias SeidelFALSE is returned if the result of this addition is 0.<comment>UFI: first try to fix bugtraq 4905779</comment></paragraph> 17865523e0fSMatthias Seidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="hd_id3153228K" role="heading" level="3" l10n="U">Examples:</paragraph> 17965523e0fSMatthias Seidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3155371K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"> 18065523e0fSMatthias Seidel<item type="input">=XOR(12<11;13>22;10)</item> returns TRUE since this converts to (1+0+10) mod 2 = 0</paragraph> 18165523e0fSMatthias Seidel<paragraph xml-lang="en-US" id="par_id3158412K" role="paragraph" l10n="U"> 18265523e0fSMatthias Seidel<item type="input">=XOR(FALSE;TRUE)</item> returns TRUE.</paragraph> 183bd727bc8SMatthias Seidel</section> 184cdf0e10cSrcweir</sort> 185cdf0e10cSrcweir<section id="relatedtopics"> 186*8e9b354dSmseidel<embed href="text/scalc/01/04060100.xhp#drking"/> 187*8e9b354dSmseidel</section> 188*8e9b354dSmseidel</body> 189bd727bc8SMatthias Seidel</helpdocument> 190